RETURN TO THE CHEMISTRY LAB PREP PAGE
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HYDROCHLORIC ACID |
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glass-stoppered bottle |
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distilled water |
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graduated cylinder or measuring pipet |
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0.1 N HCl diluted to 1L |
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SODIUM HYDROXIDE (Carbonate Free) |
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0.1 N NaOH: 6 to 7 ml of a 1:1 soln NaOH + DH2O diluted to 1L with DH2O |
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0.1 N NaOH: Dissolve 50 g NaOH in 50 ml DH2O in rubber-stoppered erlenmeyer flask. Allow to stand then filter using Gooch Crucible or decant to remove the sodium carbonate precipitate. Dilute soln. to 1L. |
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0.1 N NaOH: Dissolve 4 to 4.5 g sodium hydroxide in 400 ml DH2O and add 10 ml barium chloride soln. Allow to stand overnight then decant and dilute soln. to 1L. |
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Do not use glass-stoppered bottles for storage purposes. |
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(2) Burets |
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hydrochloric acid solution, 35 to 40mL |
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Sodium Hydroxide solution |
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250-mL Erlenmeyer flask |
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2 drops phenolphthalein indicator or alternative below |
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ALTERNATIVES: |
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phenolphthalein: 2 g phenolphthalein/ 95% ethanol |
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bromthymol blue: 0.1 g bromthymol blue + 8 ml 0.02M NaOH dilute to 100 ml w/ distilled water |
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methyl red: 1 g sodium salt of methyl red/ 1 L distilled water |
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50 mL distilled water |
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Graduated cylinder |
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Calculator |
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4 to 5g pure potassium acid phthalate |
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Electronic balance |
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weighing bottle |
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oven at 110C |
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dessicator |
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three numbered erlenmeyer flasks w/ 0.7 to 0.9g potas. acid phthalate |
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50mL distilled water for each erlenmeyer flask |
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Graduated cylinder |
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2 drops phenolphtalein per flask |
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Buret |
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Sodium hydroxide solution |
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hydrochloric acid solution |
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Calculator |
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Hydrochloric Acid solution |
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TRIS OR TRAM (AKA tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane) or pure sodium carbonate: three samples of 0.20 to 0.25 g |
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NOTE: analytical-grade sodium carbonate @ 99% dry 1/2 hr @ 270 to 300C in oven AND/OR TRIS @ 99.95% dry 1 hr @ 100 to 105C in oven: Prep FRESH |
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Electric balance |
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(3) Erlenmeyer flask w/ previously dried sodium carbonate |
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50mL distilled water |
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2 drops methyl red or methyl orange |
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Preparation of methyl orange (pH = 4): 1 g potassium acid phthalate in 100 ml distilled water |
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1 g Potassium acid phthalate + 100 ml distilled water; pH=4 |
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2 drops methyl orange |
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Hydrochloric acid solution |
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Sodium hydroxide |
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(3) Erlenmeyer flask w/ 0.4 to 0.5 g previously dried TRIS |
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50mL distilled water |
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Bromocresol green: 0.1 gt bromocresol green + 0.1 M NaOH then dilute to 100 ml |
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Sodium hydroxide solution |
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Calculator |
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Solid acid sample: unkown w/ potassium acid phthalate or sulfamic acid; three samples of 0.7 to 0.9 g |
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Calculator |
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weighing bottle |
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Electric balance |
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oven @ 110C |
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Desiccator for cooling samples |
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(3) Erlenmeyer flask w/ unknown samples |
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75 to 100mL distilled water (boil water for 5 min to remove CO2) |
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2 drops Phenolpthtalein indicator |
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standard sodium hydroxide solution |
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30 to 45 ml of 0.1N base for titration |
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Calculator |
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Pipet, 10 to 50 ml |
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25 ml vinegar |
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250 volumetric flask |
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Erlenmeyer flask |
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50mL water |
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2 drops Phenolpthalein indicator |
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standard base (0.1N base for titration) |
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balance |
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250mL beaker |
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dried unknown, 1g |
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125mL distilled water |
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funnel |
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250mL volumetric flask |
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Pipet, 10 to 50 ml |
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Erlenmeyer flask |
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2 drops of methyl red or methyl orange |
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standard acid (30 to 45 ml of 0.1 N acid for titration) |
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Calculator |
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Na2CO3 |
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0.1 N HCIO4: add 4.3 ml of 72% perchloric acid to 150 ml glacial acetic acid, mix well, add 10 ml of acetic anhydride, and allow the solution to stand for 30 min. Dilute to 500 ml with glacial acetic acid and allow the solution to cool to room temperature. |
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0.1N Sodium acetate: dissolve 4.1 g of anhydrous sodium acetate in glacial acetic acid and dilute to 500 ml with the acid. |
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(2) Burets |
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35 to 40mL perchloric acid |
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2 drops of methyl violet indicator |
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Electronic Balance |
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0.5 to 0.6g pure potassium acid phtalate |
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glacial acetic acid |
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(3) Erlenmeyer flask |
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hot plate or bunsen burner |
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three samples of unknown substance (amine or amino acid) |
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Desiccator |
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2 drops methyl violet indicator |
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50mL acetic acid |
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50 ml pipet |
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Electronic balance |
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0.1M silver nitrate: 8.5 g silver nitrate dilute to 500 ml w/ dist. water NOTE: preparesilver nitrate in dark or brown-glass bottle; no light Beaker |
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0.1 M thiocyanate solution: 4.9 g potassium thiocyanate diluted to 500 ml with distilled water. |
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Calculator |
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Electronic balance |
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MOHR METHOD: |
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three samples of prure, dry Sodium chloride |
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NOTE: use potassium chloride or sodium chloride 1.1 to 1.2 g sodium chloride or 1.5 to 1.6 g potassium chloride diluted to 250 ml in a volumetric flask |
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250 mL erlenmeyer flask (3 needed) |
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2 mL of 0.1M Potassium Chromate Solution: 19.4 g/1L |
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Silver Nitrate |
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indicator blank: 2 ml indicator/100 ml + a few 10th of a gram of chloride-free calcium carbonate |
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OR FAJANS METHOD: |
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three samples pure, dry sodium chloride; 0.2 to 0.25 g each |
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three 250 ml erlenmeyer flasks |
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standard NaCl solution: sample + 50 ml distilled water + 10 drops dichlorofluorescein indicator + 0.1 g dextrin |
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Calculator |
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NOTE: Dry salts @ 120C for ~2hr |
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25 ml standard silver nitrate solution |
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250 ml erlenmeyer flask |
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5 ml 1: 1 nitric acid |
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1 ml iron (III) alum solution (indicator): sat'd solution of iron (III) in 1 M nitric acid |
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MOHR METHOD: |
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Electronic balance |
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three samples of dried material |
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(3) 250mL Erlenmeyer flask |
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50mL distilled water |
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2mL 0.1M Potassium Chromate Solution |
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standard silver nitrate solution (see exp 10) |
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Calculator |
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buret |
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FAJAN METHOD: |
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balance |
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three samples of dried material |
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three 250 ml erlenmeyer flasks |
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50 ml distilled water |
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ten drops of dichlorofluorescein indicator |
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0.1 g dextrin |
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buret |
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litmus paper |
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one drop phenolphthalein |
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dilute nitric acid (1 ml to 150 ml distilled water) |
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0.1 N sodium hydroxide |
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VOLHARD METHOD: |
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balance |
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three samples |
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three 250 ml erlenmeyer flasks |
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50 ml distilled water |
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5 ml 1: 1 nitric acid (see wxp 10) |
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standard silver nitrate solution (see exp 10) |
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buret |
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1 to 2 ml nitrobenzene or alternative |
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alternative = 1% nitric acid solution; potassium thiocyanate, and gooch or sintered-glass cruible |
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rubber stopper for flasks; 3 |
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1 ml iron(III) slum indicator (see exp 10) |
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standard potassium thiocyanate solution |
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Electronic balance |
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three samples of Sliver alloy |
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three 250mL Erlenmeyer flask |
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15mL of 1: 1 nitric acid |
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50 ml volumetric flask |
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hot plate |
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1 ml iron(III) alum indicator (see exp 10) |
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standard thiocyanate solution |
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buret |
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Calculator |
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Calculator |
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Electronic balance |
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4g disodium dihydrogen EDTA dihydrate |
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0.1 g MgCl2. 6H2O |
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400 ml beaker |
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1 liter bottle |
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few drops of 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution |
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standard calcium chloride solution: 0.4 g primary CaCl dried @ 100C diluted to 500ml then add drops 1:1 hydrochloric acid. |
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500mL volumetric flask |
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pipet, 10 to 50 ml |
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250 ml erlenmeyer flask |
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5 ml ammonia-ammonium chloride buffer solution: 6.75 g ammonium chloride in 57 ml conc. ammonia then dilute to 100 ml; pH>10 five drops eriochrome black T indicator: 0.5 g reagent grade eriochrome black T in 100 ml alcohol. |
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alternative indicator: calmagite: 0.05 g indicator in 100 ml water ; 4 drops |
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unknown sample containing 350 to 400mg of CaCO3 |
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Electronic balance |
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400mL beaker |
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5 to 10 mL 1:1 hydrochloric acid |
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50mL distilled water |
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Hot plate |
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2 drops methyl red indicator (see exp 2) |
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6 M NaOH |
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500mL volumetric flask |
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pipet, 10 to 50 ml |
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250 Erlenmeyer flask |
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5 ml ammonia-ammonium chloride buffer solution (see exp 13) |
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five drops eriochrome black T indicator (see exp 13) |
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water sample |
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pipet |
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(3) 250mzl Erlenmeyer flask |
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1.0 mL buffer solution (see exp 13) |
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5 drops indicator solution (see exp 13) |
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standard EDTA solution |
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Calculator |
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0.025M standard solution EDTA |
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10g Na2H2Y.2H2O |
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NaOH pellets |
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standard calcium chloride solution (see exp 13; see note below); NOTE: use instead 1.0 g primary standard grade calcium carbonate |
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zl ium gluconate bablets |
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stainless steel spatula |
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glass rod |
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oven to dry powder at 100C for 1hr |
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balance |
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0.4 g sample |
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(3) 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks |
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50mL distilled water |
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hot plate |
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5 ml Ammonia-Ammonium chloride buffer (see exp 13) |
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5 drops Eriochrome black T indicator (see exp 13) |
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standard EDTA solution |
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buret |
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Calculator |
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Oven (1 to 2 hr @ 100 to 120C) |
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(3) porous-bottom filtering crucibles (sintered glass or porous porcelain) of medium porosity |
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porus filtering discs |
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concentrated nitric acid |
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oven @ 100 to 150C |
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Electronic balance |
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three potions dried samples; 0.5 to 0.7 g |
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three 250mL beaker |
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100 - 150mL water |
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1 mL nitric acid |
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0.1 M silver nitrate solution (25 to 20 mg AgNO3/ml) |
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hot plate w/ stirrer |
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Silver nitrate solution |
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beaker |
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three watch glasses |
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three 25 ml potions of 0.01 M nitric acid: about two drops of concentrated nitric acid in 100 ml water |
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wash bottle |
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wash solution |
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filter |
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rubber policeman |
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drop hydrochloric acid |
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small glass hooks |
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dessicator |
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unknown solid: portion of 0.5 to 0.7 |
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Oven @ 100 to 120C |
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Electronic balance |
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three potions of 0.5 to 0.8 g sample |
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200mL distilled water |
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1mL concentrated hydrochloric acid |
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5% barium chloride: 5g BaCl2.2H2O in 100 ml water |
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Beaker |
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graduated cylinder |
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hot plate |
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dropper or pasteur pipet |
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watch glass |
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thermometer (must measure between 80 to 90C) |
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steam bath, on hot plate, or using low flame from bunsen burner |
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fine porous porcelain filtering crucible or funnel w/filter paper |
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filter paper: slow type, i.e. whatman no. 42 (preferred) or no. 40 |
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(3) crucibles and lids of porous porcelain (or ordinary porcelain w/ filter paperz0 |
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rubber policeman |
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drop silver nitrate solution |
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Test Tube |
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Tirrill burner |
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concentrated sulfuric acid |
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Meker burner |
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Electronic balance |
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three samples of 0.5 g each of dried iron oxide unknown |
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OR |
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Solutions containing CaCO3 dissolved in Hcl may be used as uninowns. However then use 400 ml beakers and pipets |
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250mL beaker |
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20mL 1:1 hydrochloric acid |
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watch glass |
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hot plate |
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wash bottle |
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10mL saturated bromine water |
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1 to 2 ml of conc. nitric acid |
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fast filter paper (i.e. whatman no. 41) |
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400mL beaker |
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dilute hydrochloric acid solution |
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1:2 ammonium hydroxide solution |
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25mL of 0.1 M ammonium nitrate wash soln. (8 or 10 g NH4NO3/L) |
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Funnel |
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50 ml of 1:10 hydrochloric acid solution |
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Pipet |
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hot 0.1 M ammonium nitrate wash solution |
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Rubber policeman |
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balance |
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Ashless filter paper |
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meker burner (prefered) or tirrill burner |
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dessicator |
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three samples of unknown; 0.5 to 0.7 g each (solutions containing CaCO3 dissolved in HCl may be used as unknowns) |
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400 ml beaker |
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75mL water |
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10mL 1:3 hydrochloric acid |
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hot plate with stirrer or glass rod |
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150mL distilled water |
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AMMONIUM OXALATE SOLUTION: (two 10 ml portions) |
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30 ml of this solution: 1 g of ammonium oxalate in 30 ml of water containing 2 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Also add three drops of methyl red indicator |
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1g Ammonium oxalate |
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3 drops methyl red indicator |
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2mL hydrochloric acid |
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30 ml water |
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15g sp;od urea |
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Cold 0.1% Ammonium oxalate solution |
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Ashless filter paper of medium porosity (i.e., whatman no. 40) |
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IF CALCIUM OXALATE MONOHYDRATE USED: |
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sintered-glass crucible of medium porosity and filtered w/suction |
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oven@ 105C for 1 hr |
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porcelain crucible with lid |
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clay triangle |
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Tirril burner |
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muffle furnace at 1000C for 30 min. |
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Dessiccator |
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three samples of 1 g of Steel (sample should contain about 25 to 35 mg of nickel) |
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balance |
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400mL beaker |
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60mL 1:1 hydrochloric acid |
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10mL 1:1 nitric acid |
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hot plate |
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200 ml distilled water |
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25mL of 20% Tartaric acid solution: dissolve 25 g of fartaric acid in 100 ml distilled water; filter before use if not clear |
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concentrated ammonia |
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Filter paper |
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hot solution containing a little ammonia and ammonium chloride |
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hydrochloric acid |
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thermometer that reads 70C |
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20 ml of 1% solution of dimethylglyoxime in alcohol: dissolve 10 g of dimethylgloxime in 1 L of 95% ethanol |
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Fritted-glass or gooch crucible |
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cold water |
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oven @ 110 to 120C |
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0.1 N good grade potassuim permanganate (3.2 g/L) |
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balance |
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250 ml beaker |
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1100 ml water |
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glass rod |
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large beaker |
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glass-stoppered bottle, ~1L size |
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Cerium (IV)Sulfate |
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Potassiumdichromate |
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Iodine |
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Sodium Thiosulfate |
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250mL beaker |
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Filter |
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Sintered-glass crucible using suction |
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labeled glass-stoppered bottle |
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SODIUM OXALATE FOWLER-BRIGHT METHOD |
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balance |
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three samples of 0.25 to 0.3 g each of dried salt (sodium oxalate) |
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500mL Erlenmeyer flasks |
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dilute Sulfuric Acid: 12.5 ml conc. acid diluted to 250 ml (550 ml/student) |
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250 ml volumetric flask |
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hot plate with stirrer or glass rod |
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Permanganate (35 to 40 ml) |
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thermometer |
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OR--- |
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MCBRIDE METHOD: |
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balance |
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three samples of 0.25 to 0.3g each of dried sodium oxalate |
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three 250 ml erlenmeyer flasks |
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three potions of 75 ml 1.5 N sulfuric acid (20 ml conc. sulfuric acid to 400 ml water) |
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hot plate |
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thermometer (80 to 90C) |
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100 ml 1.5 N sulfuric acid |
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permanganate solution in dropper bottle |
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ARSENIC (III) OXIDE: |
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balance |
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three portions of 0.2g each of pure arsenic (III) oxide, previously dried |
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oven |
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three 250 ml erlenmeyer flasks |
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30 ml cool NaOH soln (20 g sodium hydroxide in 80 ml water) |
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glass rod or stirring rod |
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100 ml distilled water |
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10 ml conc. hydrochloric acid |
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0.0025 M potassium iodide solution (catalyst) in dropper bottle = 0.4 g in 1 L water (OR ALTERNATIVE: potassium iodate or monochloride |
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buret, 50 ml |
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IRON WIRE: |
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three samples of 0.2 g each of pure iron wire, free of rust |
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balance |
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three 150 ml beakers |
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20 ml of 1:1 hydrochloric acid |
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steam bath or low flame |
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tin(II) chloride as reducing agent |
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Electronic weight |
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three portions dried material comtaining sodium oxalate, 1 g |
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250 and 500mL Erlenmeyer flask |
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250mL Water |
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Dilute Sulfuric acid, 250 ml (12.5 ml H2SO4 to 250 ml water) |
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hot plate |
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sulfuric acid, 1.5 N (20 ml H2SO4 to 400 ml water) |
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buret |
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Pipet, 25 ml |
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Peroxide solution, 0.1 N, 25 ml |
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250-mL volumetric flask |
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250-mL Erlenmeyer flask |
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conc. Sulfuric acid, 5 ml |
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75mL water |
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Permanganate solution |
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buret |
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3 samples of Iron ore |
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electronic balance |
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three 150-mL beakers |
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Hydrochloric acid, conc. 10 ml |
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distilled water |
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Watch glasses, 3 needed |
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Steam bath or hot plate or wire gauze |
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fume hood (when ore dissolves) |
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mortar & pestle |
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porcelein crucible & cover |
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tin(III) chloride: Dissolve 113 g SnCl2.H2O (free of iron) in 250 ml conc. HCl, then add pieces of mossy tin, and dilute to 1 L with distilled water |
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potassium permanganate crystals |
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filter paper |
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potassium pyrosulfate, 5 g |
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bunsen burner |
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1:1 hydrochloric acid, 25 ml |
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hot plate |
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saturated mercury(II) chloride solution, 20 ml |
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erlenmeyer flasks, 500 ml |
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zimmermann-reinhardt solution, 25 ml: Dissolved 70 g MnSO4 in 500 ml DH2O and add slowly, with stirring, 110 ml conc. #2504 and 200ml 85% phosphoric acid. Dilute to 1 L. |
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blank: 10 ml DH2O + 10 ml conc. HCl |
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three samples of 0.5 g finely ground and dried ore (1.5 g/student |
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three 250 ml erlenmeyer flasks (3/student) |
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3 portions of 0.25 g pure sodium oxalate (0.75 g/student) |
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100mL of sulfuric acid per flask (10 ml H2SSO4/ 100 ml H2O) (300 ml/student) |
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Steam bath(hot plate) or bursen burner |
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thermometer |
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watch glass, 3 needed |
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rinse/squeeze bottle with distilled water |
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standard permanganate |
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Electronic balance |
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Calculator |
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buret |
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CERIUM (IV) SULFATE |
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33g Cerium (IV) Sulfate or 53g Ce(SO4)2.2(NH4)2SO4. 2H2O |
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glass rod |
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sulfuric acid solution (add 28 ml H2SO4 to 500 ml H2O) |
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clean bottle, size = >1L |
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Trip balance |
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*OR* 21 g cerium (IV) oxide in 1500 ml beaker. Add hot sulfuric acid soln. (78 ml conc. H2SOr to 300 ml distilled water. Then dilute to 1L. |
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CERIUM (IV) AMMONIUM NITRATE |
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electronic balance |
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54.83 g primary standard grad Cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate |
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1-liter beaker |
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56 ml conc. sulfuric acid |
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distilled water, 700 ml |
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1 L volumetric flask |
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magnetic stirrer/hot plate w/stirrer or glass rod |
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ARSENIC (III) OXIDE |
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Electronic balance |
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3 portions of 0.2 pure Arsenic (III) oxide (previously dried in oven) |
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Oven |
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500-mL Erlenmeyer flask, 3 needed |
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10 ml of cool sodium hydroxide solution (20 g NaOH + 80 ml H2O) |
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Stirrer or glass rod |
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100mL water |
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25mL of 1:10 sulfuric acid |
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2 drops 0.01M osmium tetroxide solution (catalyst) (dissolve 0.125 g of OsO4 in 50 ml of 0.1 N H2SO4) |
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2 drops ferroin (AKA iron(II) 1,10-phenanthroline sulfate) (indicator) (dissolve 1.5 g of 1, 10-phenanthroline monohydrate, C12H8N2.H2O in 100 ml of 0.025 M iron (II) sulfate) PREPARE FRESH |
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buret |
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IRON WIRE |
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Calculator |
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three samples of 0.2g pure iron wire, free of rust (0.6 g/student) |
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150-mL beaker (3/student) |
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20ml of 1:1 hydrochloric acid (60 ml/student) |
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Steam bath (hot plate) or bunsen burner |
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Tin(II) Chloride |
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20 mL Saturated mercury(II)chloride solution |
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500mL Erlenmeyer flask |
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10mL concentrated hydrochloric acid |
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2 drops of ferroin indicator |
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Electronic balance |
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Iron ore (see exp. 26) |
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Tin(II) chloride (see exp. 26) |
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20mL saturated mercury (II) chloride solution |
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500mL Erlenmeyer flask |
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1 M HCl, 300 ml |
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2 drops of ferroin indicator |
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standard cerium (IV) solution |
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buret |
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Calculator |
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Electronic balance |
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4.9g of pure potassium dichromate which has been dried in oven |
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400-mL beaker |
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1-liter volumetric flask |
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iron wire samples (see exp. 23) |
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Iron(III) ion |
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Tin(II) chloride (see exp. 26) |
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500-mL Erlenmeyer flask |
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250-mL water |
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5mL concentrated sulfuric acid |
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5ml of 85% phosphoric acid |
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eight (8) drops of sodium diphenylaminesulfonate indicator (dissolve 0.3 g sodium slt in 100 ml water OR 0.3 g hot water + exess 0.1 M sodium sulfate solution; let soln stand until barium sulfate settles; filter or decant soln. from precipitate) |
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filter paper |
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buret |
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Calculator |
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Oven |
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Electronic balance |
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Tin(II)chloride (see exp, 26) |
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20mL saturated mercury (II) chloride solution |
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500mL Erlenmeyer flask |
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250mL distilled water |
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5mL concentrated sulfuric acid |
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5 ml 85% phosphoric acid |
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8 drops sodium diphenylaminesulfonate indicator (see exp. 31) |
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dichromate solution (see exp. 31) |
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Calculator |
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buret |
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wash bottle |
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Trip balance |
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12.7g reagent-grade iodine: place 20 g potassium iodide in a large weighing bottle, dissolve in 10 ml water, weigh bottle and add 6.4 g iodine and stopper bottle. Transfer soln to 500 ml vol, flask, dilute to mark, mix and place in glass stoppered bottle. |
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250-mL beaker |
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40g potassium iodide |
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25mL water |
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Iodide |
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BROWN glass-stoppered bottle for storing IKI soln. |
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ARSENITE SOLUTION |
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Reagent-grade 1.25g arsenic(III) oxide (to dry place in dessicator over sulfuric acid for 12 hrs) |
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3g sodium hydroxide |
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10mL water |
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50mL water |
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2 drops phenolpthalein indicator |
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1:1 hydrochloric acid, 1 ml |
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250 ml volumetric flask |
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25 ml pitet |
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250mL Erlenmeyer flask |
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50mL water |
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sodium bicarbonate, small potion |
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~6g sodium bicarbonate (buffer) |
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5mL starch indicator: 2 g soluble starch, 25 ml water, 500ml boiling water. Cool then add 1 g boric acid. Store in glass-stoppered bottle. |
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*OR* 5 ml starch indicator : prepare 4:1 urea: starch in beaker, ground in motor and use small scoopful in place of starch soln. |
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Electronic balance |
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three samples of unknown of 3 to 15% arsenic (III) oxide |
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500-mL Erlenmeyer flask, 3 needed |
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distilled water |
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1g sodium hydroxide |
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bunsen burner, hot plate |
|
Desiccator |
|
2 drops phenolphthalein indicator |
|
1:1 hydrochloric acid |
|
~6 g sodium bicarbonate |
|
150mL water |
|
5mL starch solution |
|
buret |
|
stirring rod |
|
Calculator |
|
Electronic balance |
|
(3) 100mg Vitamin C tablets |
|
250mL Erlenmeyer flask, 3 needed |
|
150 ml distilled water |
|
5mL starch indicator (see exp.32) |
|
buret |
|
stirring rod |
|
Calculator |
|
25g Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate crystals |
|
1liter water |
|
hot plate or bunsen burner |
|
0.2 Sodium carbonate |
|
POTASSIUM DICHROMATE |
|
Electronic balance |
|
three portions of 0.2g DRY potassium dichromate |
|
three 500mL Erlenmeyer flask |
|
100mL water |
|
4mL conc. sulfuric acid |
|
2g sodium carbonate |
|
5mL water 5 g potassium iodide (see exp. 33) |
|
Water glass |
|
5ml starch solution |
|
COPPER |
|
Calculator |
|
three portions 0.2 to 0.25 g clean copper wire or foil |
|
three 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask |
|
5mL 1:1 nitric acid |
|
Steam bath(hot plate) or bunsen burner |
|
25mL water |
|
5mL urea solution (1 g in 20 ml water) |
|
1:3 Ammonia |
|
5mL glacial acetic acid |
|
3g potassium iodide |
|
buret |
|
Watch glass |
|
Thiosulfate solution |
|
5mL starch solution |
|
2g potassium thiocyanate |
|
Calculator |
|
timer or stop watch |
|
thermometer |
|
Electronic balance |
|
three sample of finely ground, dried ore |
|
250 mL beaker, 3 needed |
|
5mL conc. hydrochloric acid |
|
10mL conc. nitric acid |
|
Watch glass |
|
bunsen burner |
|
10mL 1:1 sulfuric acid |
|
use fume hood |
|
25mL water |
|
5mL saturated bromine water |
|
filter paper |
|
Burner |
|
1:3 ammonium hydroxide |
|
5mL glacial acetic acid |
|
2g Ammonium acid fluoride (chemical will etch glass of storage container) |
|
3g potassium iodide |
|
10mL water |
|
5mL starch solution (see exp. 36) |
|
2g potassium thiocyanate |
|
Calculator |
|
filter paper |
|
NOTE: Dissolve copper oxide commercial unknown by warming 10 to 15 min. in 15 ml of 1:2 sulfuric acid |
|
25mL peroxide solution |
|
250-mL volumetric flask |
|
250-mL Erlenmeyer flask |
|
1:6 (~6N) sulfuric acid, 8 ml |
|
3g potassium iodide |
|
10mL water |
|
3 drops 3% ammonium molybdate solution |
|
5mL starch solution |
|
buret |
|
Calculator |
|
Electric balance |
|
Bleach: clorox & purex (2 ml) contain sodium hypochlorite or clorox II & snowy bleach (0.7 to 0.8 g) |
|
0.1 N thiosulfate (titrant) |
|
250-mL Erlenmeyer flask |
|
75mL distilled water |
|
3g of KI |
|
8mL 1:6 sulfuric acid |
|
3 drops of 3% ammonium moylbdate solution |
|
5mL starch solution |
|
thermometer |
|
hot plate |
|
buret |
|
SPECTRAL - TRANSMITTANCE CURVE |
|
sample of steel of known manganese content |
|
50mL 1L3 nitric acid |
|
flask |
|
bunsen burner or hot plate |
|
1g Ammonium persulfate |
|
Drops of sodium sulfite or sulfurous acid |
|
10 mL of 85% phosphoric acid |
|
0.5 g potassium periodate |
|
250mL volumetric flask |
|
spectrophotometer: 440 to 700 nm , readings at 20 nm intervals initial and 5nm intervals at the end. |
|
BEER'S LAW CHECK |
|
100mL beaker or Erlenmeyer flask, 4 needed |
|
distilled water |
|
graph paper (student will provide) |
|
rulers (students will provide) |
|
calculator |
|
labels |
|
ANALYSIS OF SAMPLE |